The following is derivative of extended conversations and tutoring by Martin Peres ( irc_nick : mupuf ). This article is an introductory discussion of nvidia gpus with respect to nouveau. Nouveau is the open-source driver which runs the Nvidia cards on your linux pc. A schematic breakdown of the nvidia architecture can be understood through this figure. The first important repository is the envytools ( https://github.com/pathscale/envytools ), this contains the most valuable set of tools and documentation you ll find for/on nvidia cards. To have a look at how the X Window System ( X11 - current major version ) GUI framework works, let's say all the rendering is done by sending commands to the x-server. Applications connect to the x-server through a socket which allocates a context for their windows and issues commands like draw a line etc. For 2D rendering, the x-server has the EXA interface. The EXA can be accelerated by graphics drivers and the acceleration is done by